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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☑ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number. 001-32876
TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Delaware | | 20-0052541 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
6277 Sea Harbor Drive | | 32821 |
Orlando, | Florida | | (Zip Code) |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | | |
(407) 626-5200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | |
Title of each Class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock | TNL | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | ☑ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |
| |
|
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | | | | |
| | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | | | | |
| | Emerging growth company | ☐ | | | | |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2020, was $2,355,189,546. All executive officers and directors of the registrant have been deemed, solely for the purpose of the foregoing calculation, to be “affiliates” of the registrant.
As of January 31, 2021, the registrant had outstanding 85,931,284 shares of common stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of our Proxy Statement prepared for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III (Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14) of this report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| | | | | | | | |
| | Page |
| PART I | |
Item 1. | | |
Item 1A. | | |
Item 1B. | | |
Item 2. | | |
Item 3. | | |
Item 4. | | |
| PART II | |
Item 5. | | |
Item 6. | | |
Item 7. | | |
Item 7A. | | |
Item 8. | | |
Item 9. | | |
Item 9A. | | |
Item 9B. | | |
| PART III | |
Item 10. | | |
Item 11. | | |
Item 12. | | |
Item 13. | | |
Item 14. | | |
| PART IV | |
Item 15. | | |
Item 16. | | |
| | |
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
The following terms and acronyms appear in the text of this report and have the definitions indicated below:
Adjusted EBITDA A non-GAAP measure, defined by the Company as Net income from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, transaction costs, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent.
AOCL Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
ARDA American Resort Development Association
ARN Alliance Reservations Network
AUD Australian Dollar
Awaze Awaze Limited, formerly Compass IV Limited, an affiliate of Platinum Equity, LLC
Board Board of Directors
CARES Act Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
CCPA California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018
Company Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries
COVID-19 Novel coronavirus global pandemic
Credit Agreement Amendment An amendment to the Company’s credit agreement for its revolving credit facility
Distribution Pro rata distribution of Wyndham Hotels’ stock to Travel + Leisure’s shareholders
Distribution Date May 31, 2018, the date we completed the Spin-off of our hotel business
EPS Earnings/(loss) Per Share
FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board
FTC Federal Trade Commission
GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States
GDPR General Data Protection Regulation
IRS United States Internal Revenue Service
IRS Ruling A private letter ruling from the IRS regarding certain U.S. federal income tax aspects of transactions related to the Spin-off of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
LIBOR London Interbank Offered Rate
Meredith Meredith Corporation
Moody’s Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
NQ Non-Qualified stock options
NYSE New York Stock Exchange
NZD New Zealand Dollar
PCAOB Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
PSU Performance-vested restricted Stock Units
Relief Period Relief period of the Credit Agreement Amendment
RSU Restricted Stock Unit
S&P Standard & Poor’s Rating Services
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
SOFR Secured Overnight Financing Rate
SPE Special Purpose Entity
SpinCo Assets The assets that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
SpinCo Liabilities The liabilities that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
Spin-off Spin-off of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
SSAR Stock-Settled Appreciation Rights
Travel + Leisure Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries
U.S. tax reform Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Vacasa Vacasa LLC
VIE Variable Interest Entity
VOCR Vacation Ownership Contract Receivable
VOI Vacation Ownership Interest
VPG Volume Per Guest
Wyndham Hotels Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
Wyndham Worldwide Wyndham Worldwide Corporation
PART I
Forward Looking Statements
This report includes “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expects,” “should,” “believes,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “future” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results of Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries (“Travel + Leisure” or “we”) to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, risks associated with the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith Corporation, including unanticipated costs and/or delays, unfavorable reaction by customers, partners, employees, or suppliers, future revenues being lower than expected, failure or inability to implement growth or expansion strategies in a timely manner or at all; local and global political and economic conditions; uncertainty with respect to the scope and duration of the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”) and any resurgences and the pace of recovery; the timing of the distribution of an effective vaccine or treatment for COVID-19; the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental, business and individuals’ actions in response to the pandemic and our related contingency plans and cost and investment reductions on our business, vacation ownership interest sales and tour flow, consumer demand and liquidity, our ability to comply with financial and restrictive covenants under our indebtedness and our ability to access capital on reasonable terms, at a reasonable cost or at all, our ability and the ability of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) to maintain credit ratings, general economic conditions and unemployment rates, the performance of the financial and credit markets, the competition in and the economic environment for the timeshare industry; risks associated with employees working remotely or operating with a reduced workforce; the impact of war, terrorist activity, political strife, severe weather events and other natural disasters, and pandemics (including COVID-19) or threats of pandemics; operating risks associated with the Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs) and Travel and Membership (formerly Vacation Exchange or Panorama) segments; uncertainties related to our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the spin-off of the hotel business (“Spin-off”) Wyndham Hotels or the divestiture of our North American and European vacation rentals businesses or the acquisition of Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”); unanticipated developments related to the impact of the Spin-off, the divestiture of our North American and European vacation rentals businesses, the acquisition of ARN and related transactions, including any potential impact on our relationships with our customers, suppliers, employees and others with whom we have relationships, and possible disruption to our operations; our ability to execute on our strategy; the timing and amount of future dividends and share repurchases, if any, and those other factors disclosed as risks under “Risk Factors” in documents we have filed with the SEC, including in Part I, Item 1A of this report. We caution readers that any such statements are based on currently available operational, financial and competitive information, and they should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.
Where You Can Find More Information
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements, reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available on our website at http://www.travelandleisureco.com as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC.
We maintain an internet site at http://www.travelandleisureco.com. Our website and the information contained on or connected to that site are not incorporated into this Annual Report.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Company Overview
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) and subsequently changed its name to Travel + Leisure Co. on February 17, 2021. Travel + Leisure Co. is the world’s leading membership and leisure travel company. We provide vacation experiences and travel inspiration to millions of owners and members every year through our products and services. We have two financial reporting segments: Vacation Ownership, which includes the world’s largest vacation ownership business with 247 vacation club resort locations across the globe; and Travel and Membership, the world’s foremost membership travel business which includes the largest vacation exchange company, industry-leading travel technology, and subscription travel brands. At Travel + Leisure Co., our global team of associates brings hospitality to millions, turning vacation inspiration into exceptional travel experiences. We put the world on vacation.
COVID-19 Pandemic
The results of operations for 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees. In response to COVID-19, our Vacation Ownership segment temporarily closed its resorts in mid-March 2020 across the globe and suspended its sales and marketing operations. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of associates. As of December 31, 2020, we have reopened 81% of our resorts (92% as of the date of this filing) and reopened 86% of our sales offices (92% as of the date of this filing). Throughout 2020, many of our associates returned to work as locations reopened; however, we exited the year with approximately 5,300 associates either laid off or furloughed. Our reopening plans were negatively impacted in the fourth quarter of 2020 by government shutdowns in California and Hawaii. We estimate that the remaining suspended operations will resume in early 2021.
During the year we have taken significant actions to maximize cash flow. In the first half of the year, we took actions that would have reduced our annualized 2020 operating cost base by approximately $225 million with $60 million of permanent general and administrative cost reductions. Savings related primarily to the impact of staff reductions/furloughs, travel and expense, and a reduction in third party vendor/consulting spend. Since this time 51% of our furloughed employees have returned to work. We reviewed inventory and capital expenditure requirements and reduced both by a combined $133 million for the 2020 fiscal year. Share repurchase activity has also been suspended since March 2020.
As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility at the end of the first quarter, and subsequently issued $650 million senior secured notes, with a portion of these proceeds used to pay down borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We also amended our revolving credit facility and term loan B, which provides flexibility during the relief period spanning from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022. See Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.
Given these major events, our revenues were negatively impacted and we incurred $385 million of charges related to COVID-19 during 2020, which are discussed in further detail in Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Continuing Operations
We have three branded business lines, Wyndham Destinations, Panorama, and Travel + Leisure Group. These business lines operate independently and each umbrella business line includes multiple brands. Wyndham Destinations is included in the Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs) reporting segment; Panorama and Travel + Leisure Group are included in the Travel and Membership (formerly Vacation Exchange or Panorama) reporting segment.
•Vacation Ownership (comprised of Wyndham Destinations), is the world’s largest timeshare ownership business with 247 resorts and 867,000 owners. We develop, market, and sell vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provide consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provide property management services at resorts.
•Travel and Membership (comprised of Panorama and Travel + Leisure Group), operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals. Our RCI vacation exchange business is the world’s largest and has 3.7 million members and relationships with 4,200 vacation ownership resorts located in approximately 110 countries and territories. These businesses are primarily Fee-for-Service, selling third-party inventory that provides stable revenue streams and produces strong cash flow.
Our business segments generate a diversified revenue stream and significant cash flow. Prior to the impacts of COVID-19, we generated 46% of our revenues from the sale of VOIs, and 40% of our revenues from our Fee-for-Service businesses. This split was 23% and 53% in 2020 as a result of COVID-19. We derive our fee revenues principally from (i) providing property management services to vacation ownership resorts, (ii) providing vacation exchange services, and (iii) providing services under our Fee-for-Service model in our timeshare business.
Our businesses have both domestic and international operations. During 2020, we derived 88% of our revenues in the U.S. and 12% internationally. For further details on our segment revenues, profits, assets and geographical operations, see Note 24—Segment Information to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Business Strategy
Our Travel + Leisure strategic pillars serve to clarify our top priorities in order to enhance shareholder value and return capital to our shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. The four strategic pillars of 1. Customer Obsession, 2. Best-in-Class Sales & Marketing, 3. Leading Brands & Product Innovation, and 4. Operating Excellence, affirm our mindset that customers must dominate our focus, while also reflecting our relentless drive for superior sales and marketing, exceptional brands and products, as well as our commitment to operate all areas of the business with excellence.
Our execution of this strategy is firmly anchored by our culture - the foundation comprised of the shared values, competencies, and spirit of our global team. Aligned with our mission to put the world on vacation, our values are the HEART of Travel + Leisure: Hospitality, Engagement, Accountability, Respect, and Teamwork. We recognize and appreciate our ability to positively impact the lives of our customers, associates, and the communities in which we operate. Travel + Leisure thrives upon the commitment of our 15,500 associates, and we foster a culture that unlocks our full potential for success as a company, and as individual and team contributors.
1.Customer Obsession
Far beyond a hospitality initiative, Customer Obsession is our global credo that the Travel + Leisure team puts affiliates, owners, members, and guests first in all areas of our business. Three straightforward guidelines support this focus and underscore our commitment to excellence in customer service:
•Make It Easy – we eliminate pain points across the customer lifecycle. Aligned with our goal to put our owners, members, and guests on vacation, we are enhancing technology to make it easier to search and book reservations. The alignment of our team, systems, and operations enables us to deliver better customer experiences.
•Know Our Customers – we use rich customer data to customize engagement. Our investment in integrated Customer Relationship Management (“CRM”) throughout the customer lifecycle enables us to understand customer preferences, personalize engagement, and optimize sales, marketing, service and vacation experiences.
•Customer, Customer, Customer – we consider the customer experience in every decision. We rely upon customer metrics from Net Promoter Score and Owner Engagement data across the business, and leverage surveys and customer feedback to remain responsive and relevant.
2.Best-in-Class Sales & Marketing
We focus on fueling the continued growth of Travel + Leisure. We will remain globally relevant to travelers by staying committed to innovation and continuing to build and strengthen relationships with our customers. Four core elements define our goals and align with our pledge to treat all customers with respect and integrity:
•Blue Thread – we drive revenue through our connection to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) and Wyndham Rewards loyalty program customers. The demographics of this significant consumer group are strongly aligned to our owner demographics, enabling us to grow call transfer, cross sell, and onsite marketing to fill our sales pipeline and deliver new vacation experiences to Wyndham loyalists.
•Digital & Customer Relationship Marketing – we bring timeshare to the next generation. We will optimize technology to be relevant and compelling to meet our customers’ expectations, driving retention through Search Engine Marketing and social channels.
•Partnership Pipeline – we leverage the expertise of strategic partners to accelerate our growth and deliver enhanced benefits to our owners and members. We will strengthen and extend existing relationships, while developing new partners to reach untapped segments.
•Sales Experience – we invest in the fundamentals as we re-imagine sales centers and processes with the customer experience in mind. These bold transformations modernize and revitalize the customer experience and drive engagement through a single view of the customer.
3.Leading Brands & Product Innovation
We create a simple yet powerful narrative of who we are and what we sell supported by the launch of Travel + Leisure, and the ongoing rebranding of Wyndham Destinations’ brands including Club Wyndham and WorldMark by Wyndham, and the refreshed branding of RCI, 7Across, and Love Home Swap. Three core elements define this strategy:
•Brand Transformation – we strive to create brand fanatics through strong positioning and differentiation. With a clear value proposition for each of our brands, we remain relevant, and grow affinity and awareness among our diverse
owners, members, and prospects.
•Network Expansion – we grow our portfolio of resorts and brands, to meet the needs of our customers. We prioritize geographies that will create new leads around the world, and add depth in existing markets.
•Product Innovation – we are investing in brands and technology that will help us launch new products and services which target different demographics from our traditional timeshare demographic. We are launching products and services which appeal to younger demographics seeking increased flexibility with their travel options. Examples include, shorter-term products as well as travel clubs.
•Panorama Growth – we leverage our strengths to expand the business into the broader travel market aligned with our strategy to become a leading travel membership provider. We are enhancing the membership experience, and developing new offerings with wide appeal to broaden our demographic reach and grow market share.
4.Operating Excellence
Operating Excellence is the business engine that enables our delivery of great vacations and optimal performance through aligned operations. Two core elements drive this strategy:
•Resort Operating Excellence – we deliver great vacation experiences to our owners, members, and guests. The strategic deployment of capital and reserves to maintain top quality resorts, combined with our optimal use of inventory, drives this cycle of excellence.
•Prioritization – we operate with discipline as an integrated company. Our alignment around prioritized work and our management of general, administrative, and overhead expenses relative to revenue growth fuels efficiency and effectiveness.
In summary, we believe that the successful execution of our business strategy will allow us to increase cash flows and profitability, creating more value for our shareholders.
History and Development
Our corporate history can be traced back to the formation of Hospitality Franchise Systems (“HFS”) in 1990. HFS initially began as a hotel franchisor that later expanded to include the addition of the vacation exchange business. In December 1997, HFS merged with CUC International, Inc. to form Cendant Corporation, which then expanded further through the addition of vacation rentals and vacation ownership businesses. On July 31, 2006, Cendant distributed all of the shares of its subsidiary, Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (“Wyndham Worldwide”), to the holders of Cendant common stock. On August 1, 2006, we commenced “regular way” trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “WYN”.
On May 31, 2018 (the “Distribution Date”), we established Wyndham Destinations, Inc. and completed the spin-off of our hotel business into a separate publicly traded company, Wyndham Hotels. This transaction was effected through a pro rata distribution of the new hotel entity’s stock to shareholders at the time of Wyndham Worldwide (the “Distribution”). In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into certain agreements with Wyndham Hotels to implement the legal and structural separation, govern the relationship between our company and Wyndham Hotels up to and after the completion of the separation, and allocate various assets, liabilities and obligations, including, among other things, employee benefits, intellectual property, and tax-related assets and liabilities between us and Wyndham Hotels. The two public companies have entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain their affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards, as well as to continue to collaborate on inventory-sharing and customer cross-selling initiatives.
RCI, our vacation exchange business, was established in 1974. Our vacation ownership brands began operations in 1978 with Shell Vacations Club, followed by Wyndham Vacation Resorts (formerly known as Fairfield Resorts) in 1978, and WorldMark by Wyndham (formerly known as Trendwest Resorts) in 1989.
As noted above under Company Overview, on January 5, 2021, we acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith. The aggregate purchase price was $100 million, comprised of $35 million in cash paid at closing, with trailing payments through June 2024. The acquisition included Travel + Leisure’s travel clubs and their nearly 60,000 members. The acquisition created a strategic alliance between Travel + Leisure Co. and Meredith, with Meredith continuing to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure’s multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. We also agreed to a five-year marketing commitment across Meredith’s portfolio of brands. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and will continue to trade on the NYSE under the new ticker symbol TNL.
Our portfolio of well-known hospitality brands was assembled over the past 31 years. The following is a timeline of some of our acquisitions:
| | | | | | | | |
Year | | Acquisition |
1996 | | Resort Condominiums International (RCI) |
2001 | | Wyndham Vacation Resorts |
2002 | | WorldMark by Wyndham |
| | Equivest |
2012 | | Shell Vacations Club |
2017 | | Love Home Swap |
| | 7Across, formerly DAE Global Pty Ltd |
2019 | | Alliance Reservations Network |
2021 | | Travel + Leisure |
BUSINESS DESCRIPTIONS
The following is a description of our two reporting segments, Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership, and the industries in which they compete.
VACATION OWNERSHIP
Industry
The vacation ownership industry, also referred to as the timeshare industry, enables consumers to share ownership of a fully-furnished vacation accommodation. Typically, the consumer purchases either a title to a fraction of a unit or a right to use a property for a specific period of time. This is referred to as a vacation ownership interest. VOIs are generally sold through weekly interval or points-based systems. Under a weekly interval system, owners can use a specific unit at a specific resort often during a specific week of the year. Under a points-based system, owners often have advance reservation rights for a particular destination, but are free to redeem their points for various unit types and/or locations. In addition, points-owners can vary the length and frequency of product utilization. Once point values are established for particular units, they generally cannot be changed. For many purchasers, vacation ownership is an attractive alternative to traditional lodging accommodations at hotels. In addition to avoiding variability in room rates, timeshare owners also enjoy accommodations that are, on average, more than twice the size and typically have more features than traditional hotel rooms, such as kitchens, separate living areas, and in-unit laundry.
Typically, developers sell VOIs for a fixed purchase price that is paid in full at closing or financed through developer-offered financing options. Vacation ownership resorts are often operated by a property owners’ association of which the VOI owners are members. Most property owners’ associations are governed by a board of directors that includes owners and which may include representatives of the developer. The board of the property owners’ association typically delegates much of the responsibility for managing the resort to a management company, which is often affiliated with the developer.
After the initial purchase, most vacation ownership programs require the owner to pay an annual maintenance fee. This fee represents the owner’s allocable share of the costs and expenses of operating and maintaining the vacation ownership property and providing program services. This fee typically covers expenses such as housekeeping, landscaping, taxes, insurance, resort labor, a management fee payable to the management company, and an assessment to fund a reserve account used to renovate, refurbish and replace furnishings, appliances, common areas and other assets, such as structural elements and equipment, as needed over time. Owners typically reserve their usage of vacation accommodations in advance through a reservation system. These reservation systems are often provided by the management company or an affiliated entity.
Market awareness and acceptance of vacation ownership products has grown with the entrance into the market of well-known lodging and entertainment brands such as Wyndham, Marriott, Hilton, and Disney. Additionally, the industry’s growth can also be attributed to stronger consumer protection laws and the evolution from primarily weekly intervals systems to points-based systems. According to the American Resort Development Association (“ARDA”), a trade association representing the vacation ownership and resort development industries, industry-wide sales were divided 80.9% for points-based systems and 19.1% for weekly intervals in 2019.
Based on published industry data, the primary reasons owners have expressed for buying and continuing to own their timeshare are as follows:
•saving money on future vacation costs;
•location of resorts;
•overall flexibility by allowing them the ability to use different locations, unit types, and times of year;
•certainty of vacations; and
•certainty of quality accommodations.
According to a 2020 report issued by ARDA, domestic vacation ownership sales were $10.5 billion in 2019, compared to $10.2 billion in 2018. Demographic factors explain, in part, the continued appeal of vacation ownership. A 2018 study of recent U.S. vacation ownership purchasers indicated that the average timeshare owner is 44 years old and has an average annual household income of $86,000. More than half of the respondents indicated they plan to buy or upgrade a timeshare over the next two years. This, along with other industry data, suggests that the typical purchaser in the U.S. has disposable income and is interested in purchasing vacation products. The data also suggests that millennials’ perception of the industry and primary reasons for buying their timeshare is similar to the overall population of owners; however, they seek even more flexibility in using and accessing the product. Most owners can exchange their timeshare unit through exchange companies and through the applicable vacation ownership company’s internal network of properties.
Vacation Ownership Overview
Our Vacation Ownership reporting segment is comprised of our Wyndham Destinations branded business line, which is the world’s largest vacation ownership business. We develop and acquire vacation ownership resorts, market and sell VOIs, provide consumer financing for the majority of the sales, and provide property management services to property owners’ associations. As of December 31, 2020, we had 247 vacation ownership resorts in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Caribbean, and Asia Pacific that represent over 26,000 individual vacation ownership units and 867,000 owners of VOIs.
Our brands primarily operate points-based vacation ownership systems through which VOIs can be redeemed for vacations that provide owners with flexibility as to resort location, length of stay, number of stays, unit type, and time of year. Our programs allow us to market and sell our vacation ownership products in variable quantities and to offer existing owners “upgrade” sales to supplement their existing VOIs.
Although we offer separate brands, we have integrated substantially all of the business functions, including consumer finance, information technology, staff functions, product development, and marketing activities.
Revenues and Operating Statistics
Our vacation ownership business derives a majority of its revenues from timeshare sales, with the remainder of revenues coming from consumer financing and property management fees.
Performance in our vacation ownership business is measured by the following key operating statistics:
•Gross vacation ownership interest sales or VOIs - Sales of VOIs including Fee-for-Service sales, before the effect of loan loss provisions.
•Tours - Number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.
•Volume per guest (“VPG”) - Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) divided by the number of tours. We have excluded non-tour upgrade sales in the calculation of VPG because non-tour upgrade sales are generated by a different marketing channel.
Vacation Ownership Brands
We operate under the following brands under Wyndham Destinations:
Club Wyndham. As one of Wyndham Destinations’ flagship vacation ownership brands, Club Wyndham gives travelers the chance to live their bucket list and seek new adventures along the way. Spacious suites feature fully equipped kitchens, separate living and dining areas, separate bedrooms, and on-site recreation facilities. Club Wyndham lets travelers experience the best of what the world has to offer, with 150 resorts in top destinations across North America, Asia Pacific, and the Caribbean.
WorldMark by Wyndham. WorldMark promises families more time to be together and more time for new traditions and new discoveries at a resort that feels like home. WorldMark suites provide all the amenities families need - including
fully equipped kitchens, separate living and dining areas, separate bedrooms, and a washer/dryer. WorldMark by Wyndham offers a flexible vacation portfolio, with nearly 100 resorts in a variety of destinations across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
Shell Vacations Club. With a 40-year tradition of hospitality and service, Shell Vacations Club members have access to vacation ownership resorts and properties in the heart of culturally rich metropolitan areas, serene mountain communities, and relaxed coastal resort cities. Shell Vacations Club’s 25 condo-style resorts are located throughout the U.S. western seaboard, Canada, and Mexico.
Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham. Inspired by the laid-back, adventurous lifestyle of Jimmy Buffett and the escapism of Margaritaville®. Margaritaville Vacation Club delivers a tropical experience through accommodations with a nautical feel, including fully equipped kitchens with a bar area complete with a Frozen Concoction Maker® and relaxing outdoor seating areas. Margaritaville Vacation Club properties include St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands; Rio Mar, Puerto Rico; and Nashville, Tennessee.
Presidential Reserve by Wyndham. Travelers seeking an enhanced vacation experience distinguished by luxurious suites, upgraded amenities, priority access, and other special benefits will enjoy the first-class experiences provided by Presidential Reserve by Wyndham.
Our multi-brand strategy allows us to deliver a broad range of vacation ownership products, locations, and price points to a wide spectrum of travelers. Likewise, it also allows us to pursue development opportunities in a wide range of destinations, including international and urban markets. Having a diverse brand portfolio means we can select the most appropriate brand and development partners to expand our footprint. We have used this advantage to build the largest global footprint in the timeshare industry, with resorts across North America, Asia, the South Pacific, and Caribbean.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Domestic | | International | | | | |
| | Resorts | | Units | | Resorts | | Units | | Total Resorts | | Total Units |
Club Wyndham | | 101 | | 13,935 | | 49 | | 1,887 | | 150 | | 15,822 |
WorldMark by Wyndham | | 87 | | 7,075 | | 10 | | 575 | | 97 | | 7,650 |
Presidential Reserve by Wyndham | | 18 | | 393 | | — | | — | | 18 | | 393 |
Shell Vacations Club | | 22 | | 1,934 | | 3 | | 292 | | 25 | | 2,226 |
Margaritaville Vacation Club | | 3 | | 213 | | — | | — | | 3 | | 213 |
Total (including dual-branded resorts) | | 231 | | 23,550 | | 62 | | 2,754 | | 293 | | 26,304 |
Less: Dual-branded resorts | | | | | | | | | | (46) | | |
Total resorts | | | | | | | | | | 247 | | |
Sales and Marketing
We employ a variety of marketing channels to encourage prospective owners of VOIs to tour our properties and attend sales presentations at our resort-based sales centers as well as off-site sales offices. Our resort-based sales centers also enable us to actively solicit upgrade sales to existing owners of VOIs while they vacation at our resorts. We operate a tele-sales program designed to market upgrade sales to existing owners of our products. Sales of VOIs relating to upgrades represented 73% and 63% of our net VOI sales during 2020 and 2019.
We use a variety of marketing programs to attract prospective owners, including sponsored contests that offer vacation packages or gifts, targeted mailings, outbound and inbound telemarketing efforts, and in association with Wyndham Hotels brands, other co-branded marketing programs and events. We also partner with Wyndham Hotels by utilizing the Wyndham Rewards loyalty program to offer Wyndham Rewards points as an incentive to prospective VOI purchasers, and by providing additional redemption options to Wyndham Rewards members. We co-sponsor sweepstakes, giveaways and promotional programs with professional teams at major sporting events, and with other third parties at high-traffic consumer events. Where permissible under state law, we offer cash awards or other incentives to existing owners for referrals of new owners.
New owner acquisition is an important strategy for us as this will continue to maintain our pool of “lifetime” buyers of vacation ownership and thus enable us to solicit upgrade sales in the future. We added 12,000 and 36,000 new owners during 2020 and 2019. New owner acquisition in 2020 was negatively impacted by COVID-19 related closures of our resorts and sales centers.
Our marketing and sales activities are often facilitated through marketing alliances with other travel, hospitality, entertainment, gaming, and retail companies that provide access to such companies’ customers through a variety of co-branded marketing offers. Our resort-based sales centers, which are located in popular travel destinations throughout the U.S., generate substantial tour flow by enabling us to market to tourists already visiting these destinations. Our marketing agents, who often operate on the premises of the hospitality, entertainment, gaming, and retail companies with which we have alliances, solicit tourists with offers relating to entertainment activities and other incentives in exchange for the tourists visiting the local resorts and attending sales presentations.
We offer a variety of entry-level programs and products as part of our sales strategy. For example, we have a program that allows prospective owners a one-time allotment of points or credits with no further obligations, which we refer to as our sampler program, and a biennial product that provides for vacations every other year. As part of our sales strategies, we rely on our points/credits-based programs, which provide prospective owners with the flexibility to buy relatively small packages of points or credits which can then be upgraded at a later date. To facilitate upgrade sales among existing owners, we market opportunities for owners to purchase additional points or credits through periodic marketing campaigns and promotions while those owners vacation at our properties.
Purchaser Financing
We offer financing to purchasers of VOIs which attracts additional customers and generates substantial incremental revenues and profits. We fund and service loans through our wholly-owned consumer financing subsidiary, Wyndham Consumer Finance. Wyndham Consumer Finance performs loan financing, servicing, and related administrative functions.
We typically perform a credit investigation or other inquiry into every purchaser’s credit history before offering to finance a portion of the purchase price of the VOI. The interest rate offered to participating purchasers is determined by an automated underwriting process based upon the purchaser’s credit score, and the amount of the down payment. We use a consumer credit score, Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”), which is a branded version of a consumer credit score widely used within the U.S. by the largest banks and lending institutions. FICO scores range from 300 to 850 and are calculated based on information obtained from one or more of the three major U.S. credit reporting agencies that compile and report on a consumer’s credit history. For purchasers with large loan balances, we maintain higher credit standards for new loan originations. Our weighted average FICO score on new originations was 735 and 727 for 2020 and 2019.
During 2020, we generated $481 million of new receivables on $920 million of gross vacation ownership sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales, resulting in 52.3% of our vacation ownership sales being financed. This level of financing is prior to the receipt of addenda cash. Addenda cash represents the cash received for full payment of a loan within 15 to 60 days of origination. After the application of addenda cash, we financed 50.9% of vacation ownership sales during 2020.
We generally require a minimum down payment of 10% of the purchase price on all sales of VOIs and offer consumer financing for the remaining balance for up to 10 years. While the minimum down payment is generally 10%, our average down payment on financed sales of VOIs was 25% and 24% for 2020 and 2019. These loans are structured with equal monthly installments that fully amortize the principal by the final due date.
Similar to many other companies that provide consumer financing, we have historically securitized a majority of the receivables originated in connection with the sales of VOIs. We initially place the financed contracts into a revolving warehouse securitization facility, generally within 30 to 90 days after origination. Many of the receivables are subsequently transferred from the warehouse securitization facility and placed into term securitization facilities.
Our consumer financing subsidiary is responsible for the maintenance of contract receivables files as well as all customer service, billing, and collection activities related to the domestic loans we extend. We assess the performance of our loan portfolio by monitoring numerous metrics including collection rates, defaults by state of residency, and bankruptcies. Our consumer financing subsidiary also manages the selection and processing of loans pledged or to be pledged in our warehouse and term securitization facilities. As of December 31, 2020, 95% of our loan portfolio was current (not more than 30 days past due).
Property Management
On behalf of each of the property owners’ associations, we or our affiliates generally provide day-to-day management for vacation ownership resorts, which includes oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and refurbishment of the units, and provide certain accounting and administrative services to property owners’ associations. The terms of the property management agreements are generally between three to five years; however, the vast majority of the agreements provide a
mechanism for automatic renewal upon expiration of the terms. In connection with these property management services, we receive fees which are generally based upon total costs to operate such resorts. Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. As the owner of unsold VOIs, we pay maintenance fees in accordance with the legal requirements of the jurisdictions in which the resorts are located. In addition, at certain newly-developed resorts, we sometimes enter into subsidy agreements with the property owners’ associations to cover costs that otherwise would be covered by annual maintenance fees payable with respect to VOIs that have not yet been sold.
Inventory Sourcing
We sell inventory sourced primarily through five channels:
•self-developed inventory;
•Just-in-Time inventory;
•Fee-for-Service;
•consumer loan defaults; and
•inventory reclaimed from owners’ associations or owners.
Self-developed inventory. Under the traditional timeshare industry development model, we develop inventory specifically for our timeshare sales. The process often begins with the purchase of land which we then develop. Depending on the size and complexity of the project, this process can take up to several years, but usually takes less.
Just-in-Time inventory. Our Just-in-Time inventory acquisition model enables us to acquire and own completed units close to the timing of their sale or to acquire completed inventory from a third-party partner based upon a predetermined purchase schedule. This model significantly reduces the period between the deployment of capital to acquire inventory and the subsequent return on investment which occurs at the time of its sale to a timeshare purchaser.
Fee-for-Service. In 2010, we introduced the first of our Fee-for-Service models. This timeshare sourcing model was designed to capitalize upon the large quantities of newly developed, nearly completed, or recently finished condominium or hotel inventory in the real estate market without assuming the risk that accompanies property acquisition or new construction. This business model offers turn-key solutions for developers or banks in possession of newly developed inventory, which we sell for a fee through our extensive sales and marketing channels. Fee-for-Service enables us to expand our resort portfolio with little or no capital deployment, while providing additional channels for new owner acquisition and growth for our Fee-for-Service property management business.
Consumer loan defaults. As discussed in the “Purchaser Financing” section, we offer financing to purchasers of VOIs. In the event of a default, we are able to recover the inventory and resell it at full current value. We are responsible for the payment of maintenance fees to the property owners’ associations until the product is sold. As of December 31, 2020, Inventory on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included estimated inventory recoveries on loan defaults of $246 million.
Inventory reclaimed from owners’ associations or owners. We have entered into agreements with a majority of the property associations representing our developments where we may acquire properties related to owners who have defaulted on their maintenance fees, provided there is no outstanding debt on such properties. In addition, we frequently work with owners to acquire their properties, provided they have no outstanding debt on such properties, prior to those owners defaulting on their maintenance fees. This provides the owner with a graceful exit from a property that is no longer utilized due to lifestyle changes.
Strategies
Our goal is to strengthen our leadership position in the vacation ownership industry and generate consistent and long-term value for our shareholders. To achieve this goal, we intend to pursue the following strategies:
Use our diverse brands to enter new and underpenetrated geographies and broaden our demographic reach. Our unique mix of brands coupled with our large, global footprint provides us with a strategic advantage when adding new inventory in target markets. We expect to use this advantage to grow our customer base by expanding our product offerings in existing markets and entering new, underpenetrated markets.
In our existing markets, we intend to grow our product offerings by adding new brands, either within an existing resort or at a new development. By having multiple brands within a single location, we are able to offer different products at different price points, thereby increasing our addressable market. For example, in Las Vegas, our second and third brands represent over 51%
of our sales. In Nashville, our ability to offer a lifestyle brand, Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham, resulted in our selection as a partner in a new hotel development in the popular “SoBro” district.
The breadth of our offerings also allows us to enter new markets with the appropriate brand and product mix. For example, in one of our newest timeshare markets, Austin, we offer two products, one targeted to new owners and the other targeted to existing owners, which allows us to appeal to a broader audience of customers. Additionally, we use our brand portfolio, combined with our strong sales and marketing platform, to penetrate non-traditional but attractive timeshare markets such as the Wisconsin Dells, where we are the only major hospitality brand.
Increase new owner sales to drive long-term growth. As part of our strategy, we seek to increase the percentage of our VOI sales from new owners, which will enable us to drive long-term revenue and earnings growth. On average, new owners double their initial VOI purchase within six years, resulting in predictable, high-margin future revenue streams. We plan to leverage our industry-leading sales and marketing platform to attract new owners by expanding our call transfer capabilities, leveraging our relationship with Wyndham Hotels, enhancing our marketing alliances, growing our Community Marketing Presence (“CMP”), and adding resorts in new markets.
Maximize our relationship with Wyndham Hotels. We have a long-term, exclusive license agreement and marketing arrangements with Wyndham Hotels, the world’s largest hotel franchiser, based on number of properties, with 20 iconic brands and more than 8,900 affiliated hotels located in nearly 95 countries. The Wyndham loyalty program, Wyndham Rewards, has earned accolades as the world’s most generous loyalty program, spanning more than 30,000 hotels, vacation club resorts, and vacation rentals globally. For the third consecutive year, in 2020, Wyndham Rewards was recognized as the best hotel loyalty program in the USA Today 10Best Readers’ Choice Awards.
We plan to significantly increase this sales channel with initiatives such as enhanced call transfers, online marketing, in-hotel marketing, and online rentals of vacation ownership resorts. In addition, Wyndham Rewards redemption options into our resorts provide enhanced tour flow opportunities. Cross-marketing to existing guests of Wyndham Hotels and members of Wyndham Rewards has proven to be more efficient than traditional marketing efforts. VPG on affinity marketing tours is higher than other tours, helping to increase margins on new owner sales. We believe further developing this affinity relationship, which currently represents only a small portion of VOI sales, offers a significant new owner growth opportunity that is more profitable than other new owner marketing channels.
Wyndham Rewards, with over 86 million enrolled members, many of whom fit our target new customer demographic, provides us with a substantial customer sourcing opportunity to drive future VOI sales.
Maintain a capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy to produce attractive returns and cash flow. Vacation Ownership pioneered capital-efficient inventory sourcing in 2010. We have a diverse inventory sourcing model, including self-developed inventory, Just-in-Time inventory, Fee-for-Service inventory, and buyback programs that allow us to generate VOI sales. Our capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy has significantly increased return on invested capital since 2010.
The scale and breadth of our brand and product offerings give us unparalleled access to inventory sources, including innovative capital-efficient opportunities, which gives us the ability to select the most attractive development options.
Seasonality
We rely, in part, upon tour flow to generate sales of VOIs; consequently, sales volume tends to increase in the spring and summer months as a result of greater tour flow from spring and summer travelers. Therefore, revenue from sales of VOIs are generally higher in the third quarter than in other quarters.
Competition
Our vacation ownership business competes with other timeshare developers for sales of VOIs based principally on location, quality of accommodations, price, service levels and amenities, financing terms, quality of service, terms of property use, reservation systems, flexibility for members to exchange into time at other timeshare properties or other travel rewards, including access to hotel loyalty programs, as well as brand name recognition and reputation. We also compete for property acquisitions and partnerships with entities that have similar investment objectives as we do. There is also significant competition for talent at all levels within the industry, in particular for sales and management. Competitors range from small, independent vacation ownership companies, to large branded hospitality companies, all operating vacation ownership businesses involved in the development, finance, and operation of timeshare properties. Our primary competitors in the
timeshare space include Marriott Vacations Worldwide, Hilton Grand Vacations, Disney Vacation Club, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, Bluegreen Vacations, and Diamond Resorts International.
In addition, our timeshare business competes with other entities engaged in the leisure and vacation industry, including resorts, hotels, cruises and other accommodation alternatives, such as condominium and single-family home rentals. We also compete with home and apartment sharing services (such as Airbnb and VRBO) that operate websites that market privately owned residential properties that can be rented on a nightly, weekly or monthly basis. In certain markets, we compete with established independent timeshare operators, and it is possible that other potential competitors may develop properties near our current resort locations. In addition, we face competition from other timeshare management companies in the management of resorts on behalf of owners on the basis of quality, cost, types of services offered and relationship.
The timeshare industry has experienced significant consolidation over the last fifteen years, which may increase competition. Additionally, competition in the vacation ownership industry may increase as private competitors become publicly traded companies or existing publicly traded competitors spin-off their vacation ownership operations, increasing the number of competitors in a highly fragmented industry.
For example, in September 2018, Marriott Vacations Worldwide acquired Interval Leisure Group, Inc., which operates the Interval International exchange program. Prior to that acquisition, Interval Leisure Group, Inc. had acquired Hyatt Residence Club in October 2014 and the timeshare operations of Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. in May 2016 (which includes the use of Westin and Sheraton brands for timeshare purposes), known as Vistana Signature Experiences, Inc. Diamond Resorts International, Inc. completed the acquisition of the timeshare business of Gold Key Resorts in October 2015 and the timeshare business of Intrawest Resort Club Group in January 2016. Most recently, in January 2021, Marriott Vacations Worldwide announced an agreement to acquire Welk Resorts.
In January 2017, Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. completed the spin-off of its vacation ownership operations and Hilton Grand Vacations Inc. is now a separate publicly traded company. In November 2017, Bluegreen Vacations Corporation completed an initial public offering that resulted in approximately 10% of its stock being held by the public. Competitors that are publicly traded companies may benefit from a lower cost of, and greater access to, capital, as well as more focused management attention.
Consolidation may create competitors that enjoy significant advantages resulting from, among other things, a lower cost of, and greater access to, capital and enhanced operating efficiencies.
We generally do not face competition in our consumer financing business to finance sales of our VOIs. We do face competition from financial institutions providing other forms of consumer credit, which may lead to full or partial prepayment of our timeshare financing receivables.
TRAVEL AND MEMBERSHIP
Industry
A large segment of worldwide leisure travel is delivered through non-traditional channels that provide broader options and flexibility, including vacation exchange and travel memberships. These non-traditional accommodations provide leisure travelers with flexibility and access to a wide variety of accommodation options that include membership platforms, such as timeshare exchange, closed user group, and home exchange.
Travel and membership is a Fee-for-Service industry that offers services and products through several business to business (“B2B”) and business to consumer (“B2C”) channels, including timeshare developers and owners, white-labeled third party travel clubs and also directly to travel club members.
Vacation Exchange. To participate in a vacation exchange, generally a timeshare owner deposits their interval from a resort, or points from their club or resort, into a vacation exchange company’s network thereby receiving the opportunity to use another owner’s interval at a different destination. The vacation exchange company assigns a value to the owner’s deposit based upon a number of factors, including supply and demand for the destination, size of the timeshare unit, dates of the interval, and the amenities at the resort. Vacation exchange companies generally derive revenues by charging fees for facilitating vacation exchanges and through annual membership dues.
Vacation ownership clubs, such as Club Wyndham, WorldMark by Wyndham, Hilton Grand Vacations, and Disney Vacation Club, give members the option to exchange both internally within their collection of resorts, or externally through vacation
exchange networks such as RCI. Memberships in such clubs have been the largest driver of vacation ownership industry growth over the past several years. This long-term trend has a positive impact on the average number of exchange members, but negatively impacts the number of vacation exchange transactions per member and revenue per member for vacation exchange companies as members exchange more often within their respective clubs.
Travel and Membership Overview
Our Travel and Membership segment is comprised of our branded business lines, Panorama and Travel + Leisure Group, which operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships and direct-to-consumer rentals. These businesses are primarily Fee-for-Service, selling third-party inventory that provides stable revenue streams and produces strong cash flow.
We are an internationally recognized leader in travel, and operate the world’s largest vacation exchange network based on the number of members and affiliated resorts. Through our collection of vacation exchange brands, we have 3.7 million paid member families. Each year, we retain more than 86% of the exchange memberships through our RCI, 7Across, and Love Home Swap networks. In the vast majority of cases, we acquire new members when an affiliated timeshare developer pays for the initial term of a membership on behalf of a timeshare owner as part of the vacation ownership purchase process. Generally, this initial membership is for either a one or two year term, after which these new members may choose to renew directly with us. We also acquire a small percentage of new members directly from online channels or direct consumer outreach. Members receive periodicals and other communications published by us and, for additional fees, may use the vacation exchange program and other services that provide the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of a deposit, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power and book travel services.
Our vacation exchange business has relationships with 4,200 affiliated vacation ownership resorts in approximately 110 countries and territories located in North America, Latin America, the Caribbean, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia Pacific. We tailor our strategies and operating plans for each region where we have, or seek to develop, a substantial member base.
Travel and Membership offers travel membership solutions on a B2B and B2C basis. These travel clubs provide benefits to members including among others, discounted travel options. Whether on a B2B basis, through Panorama Travel Solutions, or B2C through Travel + Leisure Group, our members are generally charged a membership fee and then pay an additional fee based on transactions.
Revenues and Operating Statistics
Travel and Membership derives the majority of its revenues from annual membership dues and fees for facilitating vacation exchanges and other travel accommodations and services. We also generate revenue from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs, as well as additional products that provide exchange members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. No single customer, developer, or group accounts for more than 10% of our revenues.
Performance in our Travel and Membership business has been measured by the following key operating statistics through 2020:
•Average number of members - Represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are current on their annual membership dues.
•Exchange revenue per member - Represents total revenues generated from fees associated with memberships, exchange transactions, and other servicing for the period divided by the average number of vacation exchange members during the period.
Given recent acquisitions, we will be reporting the following key operating metric for our Travel and Membership segment in 2021:
•Transactions – Represents the number of vacation transactions booked during the period, net of cancellations.
Our Brands
We operate under the following brands within Panorama:
RCI. Founded in 1974, RCI operates the world’s largest vacation ownership weeks-based vacation exchange network, RCI Weeks, and provides members with the ability to exchange week-long intervals in units at their home resort for intervals at comparable resorts. RCI also operates the world’s largest vacation ownership points-based vacation exchange network, RCI
Points. This program allocates points to use rights that members cede to the vacation exchange program. Members may redeem their points for the use of vacation properties for the duration they choose in our vacation exchange program or for discounts on other services and products which may change from time to time, such as airfare, car rentals, cruises, hotels, and other accommodations. RCI also offers enhanced membership tiers (Gold and Platinum), which provide additional benefits to members.
Panorama Travel Solutions. Panorama Travel Solutions offers global discount travel membership clubs and custom travel technology solutions to B2B affinity partners including large employers, banks and retailers, trade associations and others via their operations in the U.S., Mexico, Asia, and Europe. From off-the-shelf house brands to bespoke travel clubs, Panorama Travel Solutions delivers the perfect solution for its partners based on their unique needs. Driven by Panorama’s vision to widen the scope of business, Panorama Travel Solutions is dedicated to growing its position within group tourism by offering new platforms and expanded products to its affinity partners.
Alliance Reservations Network. Founded in 1995, ARN is a travel technology provider that offers private-label travel booking technology solutions to affiliates and group travel planners. These travel booking solutions are highly configurable and offer unique benefits to our partners. ARN’s relationships with major global travel suppliers offer substantial discounts on travel and accommodations as a benefit to closed user groups such as employee benefit programs, professional associations, and other paid membership groups. Additionally, ARN’s group travel planning solution helps to automate the process of contracting, booking, and managing the entire lodging process for group events.
7Across, formerly DAE. Founded in 1997, 7Across is a leading direct-to-consumer model of vacation exchange with global operations. This member-direct vacation exchange program is open to all timeshare owners, regardless of the resort where they own. 7Across offers weeks, points, and club owners a simple exchange system with modest support services, enabling them to enjoy resort style accommodations around the world.
The Registry Collection. Established in 2002, The Registry Collection vacation exchange program is the industry’s largest and first global vacation exchange network of luxury vacation accommodations. The luxury vacation accommodations in The Registry Collection network include fractional ownership resorts, higher-end vacation ownership resorts, condo-hotels, and yachts. The Registry Collection program allows members to exchange their intervals for the use of other luxury vacation properties within the network for a fee and also offers access to other services and products at member preferred rates, such as cruises, yachts, adventure travel, hotels, and other accommodations.
Love Home Swap. Founded in 2011, Love Home Swap provides homeowners two ways to turn their home into vacation opportunities. Members have the option to: (i) swap time at their home directly with another member for time at their property, or (ii) swap time at their home for points, which can be used at a later date to secure a stay at another member’s home. Love Home Swap has developed a sizeable footprint in the United Kingdom and Europe, as well as presence in the U.S. and Australia.
We will operate the following brands under our new Travel + Leisure Group in 2021:
BookTandL.com. This brand’s website serves as both a research and transaction platform, providing consumers a single destination for every aspect of their vacation planning and booking journey.
Travel + Leisure Travel Clubs. This will include the two Travel + Leisure travel clubs acquired in January 2021 as well as a new subscription travel club to be launched in 2021.
Travel + Leisure Group will be launching and cultivating a number of brands and websites over the next twelve months and beyond in order to leverage the Travel + Leisure brand.
Inventory
The properties our business makes available to travelers include vacation ownership and fractional resorts, homes, private residence clubs, and traditional hotel rooms. Only in rare cases do we acquire and take title of inventory, as our network supply is owned and provided by third-party affiliates and suppliers. We offer travelers flexibility to select preferred travel dates in a variety of lodging options. We leverage inventory comprised of VOIs and independently owned properties across our network of brands to maximize value for affiliates and members.
Customer Development
In the exchange business, we affiliate with vacation ownership developers directly through our in-house sales teams. Affiliated vacation ownership developers sign agreements that have an average duration of five years. Our vacation exchange members are acquired primarily through our affiliated developers as part of the vacation ownership purchase process. We acquire a small percentage of our members directly from online channels.
We also affiliate with affinity groups outside of the vacation ownership industry, primarily through our ARN business. These affiliates include employee benefit plans, professional associations, and other paid membership groups. These affiliates bring end user customers to our solutions via private label booking websites, which ultimately drives revenue-generating transactions for us.
Panorama Travel Solutions seeks to develop relationships with organizations, companies, or groups that are interested in providing travel benefits to their members to enhance customer loyalty, and in many cases, generate incremental fee streams. Panorama Travel Solutions will provide white-label services to its customers and will revenue-share or perform services for a fee, with its customers.
Travel + Leisure Group will develop relationships directly with consumers through quality content and by marketing to Travel + Leisure magazine subscribers and followers.
Loyalty Program
RCI’s loyalty program, RCI Elite Rewards, offers a co-branded credit card to members. The card allows members to earn reward points that can be redeemed for items related to our RCI vacation exchange programs, including annual membership dues, exchange fees for transactions, and other services and products offered by RCI or certain third parties, including airlines and retailers.
Distribution
We distribute our products and services through proprietary websites and call centers around the world. We invest in new technologies and online capabilities to ensure that our customers have the best experience and access to consistent information and services across digital and call center channels. We continue to enhance our digital channels, mobile capabilities, and e-commerce platforms across our network.
Part of our strategy has been to enhance and expand our online distribution channels, including global partnerships with several industry-leading online travel and distribution partners in order to streamline inventory connectivity and guest experience. This will continue to enhance our value proposition with members and accelerate revenue growth, while also allowing for more transactional business online to reduce reliance on call center support, thereby generating cost savings.
The requests we receive at our global call centers are handled by our vacation guides, who are trained to fulfill requests for vacation exchange. Call centers remain an important vacation exchange distribution channel for us and therefore we continue to invest resources to ensure that members and rental customers receive a high level of personalized customer service. Through our call centers, we also provide private-labeled reservation booking, customer care, and other services for our RCI affiliates.
Marketing
We market our services and products to our customers using our brands in 24 offices worldwide through several marketing channels including direct mail, email, social media, telemarketing, online distribution channels, brochures, and magazines. Our core marketing strategy is to personalize and customize our marketing to best match customer preferences. We also have a comprehensive strategy for communicating to customers using a variety of digital and social channels such as Facebook, Google, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest, and YouTube. We use our resort directories and periodicals related to the vacation industry for marketing as well as for member retention and loyalty.
Strategy
Our strategy is to expand beyond our core vacation exchange model into the broader leisure travel market to become a leading travel membership provider. Our Panorama growth plan leverages our legacy of innovation, technology, and analytics expertise as well as our membership capabilities to fuel our growth and achieve our goals. We intend to pursue the following key strategic initiatives:
Broaden our business beyond core exchange
We will continue to selectively pursue business opportunities to offer services to travelers both within and outside of our traditional member base in order to leverage our existing brands and scale, as well as enhance and grow the recently acquired ARN business. Our goal will be to serve as a true end-to-end travel provider, illustrating our expertise across the full spectrum of travel, vacation, and holidays.
Identify new capital efficient sources of supply
We have identified consumer demand for destinations where we have limited supply. We plan to leverage our scale, technology platforms, and robust industry relationships to secure new sources of supply with favorable pricing to enhance our inventory profile and satisfy our customer demand.
Offer new and innovative products to re-ignite our brands and further enhance the membership experience
We plan to continue our focus on Customer Obsession by offering more ways for customers to use their membership for global travel and vacations. Our goal is to simplify the exchange process and provide a more expansive offering of quality destination options and travel products.
Develop new solutions in partnership with our club affiliates to increase overall engagement with the club member population
While club owners have been the largest growing segment of our member base, club revenue per member is lower than our overall average due to a wide array of vacation options within the clubs, causing a reduced propensity for club owners to transact with our networks. We see opportunity to improve club engagement by working more closely with our club affiliate partners to drive additional value proposition in their owner base. We can achieve this by enhancing our technology platforms, providing innovative new product offerings, and enabling time flexibility to help owners avoid expiration of their club currency by depositing into our exchange programs.
Seasonality
Our revenues from vacation exchange fees have traditionally been higher in the first quarter, which is generally when our vacation exchange members plan and book their vacations for the year.
Competition
Our global exchange business competes with other worldwide vacation exchange companies, most notably Interval International, certain timeshare developers and clubs that offer vacation exchange through their own internal networks of properties. This business also competes with third-party internet travel intermediaries and peer-to-peer online networks that are used by consumers to search for and book their resort and other travel accommodations.
Our non-exchange Travel and Membership businesses compete more broadly with the larger universe of leisure travel options including traditional travel agents, online travel agents, and travel clubs.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Our business is affected by our ability to protect against infringement of our intellectual property, including our trademarks, service marks, logos, trade names, domain names, and other proprietary rights. The foregoing segment descriptions specify the brands that are used by each of our segments. Our subsidiaries actively use or license for use all significant marks and domain names, and we own or have exclusive licenses to use these marks and domain names. In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a license, development and noncompetition agreement with Wyndham Hotels, which, among other things, granted to Travel + Leisure the right to use the “Wyndham” trademark, “The Registry Collection” trademark, and certain other trademarks and intellectual property in our business. See “Key Agreements Related to the Spin-Off—License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement” for more information. We register the marks that we own in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, as well as with other relevant authorities where we deem appropriate, and seek to protect our marks from unauthorized use as permitted by law.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Our business is subject to various international, national, federal, state and local laws, regulations, and policies in jurisdictions in which we operate. Some laws, regulations, and policies impact multiple areas of our business, such as securities, anti-discrimination, anti-fraud, data protection and security and anti-corruption and bribery laws and regulations or government economic sanctions, including applicable regulations under the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”). The FCPA and similar anti-corruption and bribery laws in other jurisdictions
generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or generating business. Other laws, regulations, and policies primarily affect one of our areas of business: inventory sourcing activities; sales and marketing activities; purchaser financing activities; and property management activities.
Inventory Sourcing Regulation
Our inventory sourcing activities are regulated under a number of different timeshare, condominium, and land sales disclosure statutes in many jurisdictions. We are generally subject to laws and regulations typically applicable to real estate development, subdivision, and construction activities, such as laws relating to zoning, land use restrictions, environmental regulation, accessibility, title transfers, title insurance, and taxation. In the U.S., these include the Fair Housing Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Accessibility Guidelines promulgated thereunder. In addition, we are subject to laws in some jurisdictions that impose liability on property developers for construction defects discovered or repairs made by future owners of property developed by the developer.
Sales and Marketing Regulation
Our sales and marketing activities are highly regulated. In addition to regulations implementing laws enacted specifically for the timeshare industry, a wide variety of laws and regulations govern our sales and marketing activities, including regulations implementing the USA PATRIOT Act, Foreign Investment In Real Property Tax Act, the Federal Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act and fair housing statutes, U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and states’ “Little FTC Acts” and other regulations governing unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices including unfair or deceptive trade practices and unfair competition, state attorney general regulations, anti-fraud laws, prize, gift and sweepstakes laws, real estate, title agency or insurance and other licensing or registration laws and regulations, anti-money laundering, consumer information privacy and security, breach notification, information sharing and telemarketing laws, home solicitation sales laws, tour operator laws, lodging certificate and seller of travel laws, securities laws, and other consumer protection laws.
We must obtain the approval of numerous governmental authorities for our sales and marketing activities. Changes in circumstances or applicable law may necessitate the application for or modification of existing approvals. In addition, many jurisdictions, including many jurisdictions in the U.S., require that we file detailed registration or offering statements with regulatory authorities disclosing information regarding our VOIs, such as information concerning the intervals being offered, the project, resort or program to which the intervals relate, applicable timeshare plans, evidence of title, details regarding our business, the purchaser’s rights and obligations with respect to such intervals, and a description of the manner in which we intend to offer and advertise such intervals.
When we sell VOIs, local law grants the purchaser of a VOI the right to cancel a purchase contract during a specified rescission period following the later of the date the contract was signed or the date the purchaser received the last of the documents required to be provided by us.
In recent years, regulators in many jurisdictions have increased regulations and enforcement actions related to telemarketing operations, including requiring adherence to the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act and “do not call” legislation. These measures have significantly increased the costs associated with telemarketing, in particular with respect to telemarketing to mobile numbers. While we continue to be subject to telemarketing risks and potential liability, we believe that our exposure to adverse effects from telemarketing legislation and enforcement is mitigated in some instances by the use of permission-based marketing in which we obtain permission to contact prospective purchasers in the future. We have also implemented procedures to comply with federal and state “do not call” regulations including subscribing to the federal do not call registry and certain state “do not call” registries as well as maintaining an internal “do not call” list.
Purchaser Financing Regulation
Our purchaser financing activities are subject to a number of laws and regulations including those of applicable supervisory agencies such as, in the U.S., the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the FTC, and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. These laws and regulations, some of which contain exceptions applicable to the timeshare industry, may include, among others, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act and Regulation X, the Truth In Lending Act and Regulation Z, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Housing Act and implementing regulations, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E, unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices regulations and the Credit Practices rules, the USA PATRIOT Act, the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, and the Bank Secrecy Act. Our purchaser financing activities are also subject to the laws and regulations of other jurisdictions, including, among others, laws and regulations related to consumer loans, retail installment contracts, mortgage lending, fair debt collection and
credit reporting practices, consumer debt collection practices, mortgage disclosure, lender or mortgage loan originator licensing and registration and anti-money laundering.
Property Management Regulation
Our property management activities are subject to laws and regulations regarding community association management, public lodging, food and beverage services, liquor licensing, labor, employment, health care, health and safety, accessibility, discrimination, immigration, gaming, and the environment (including climate change). In addition, many jurisdictions in which we manage our resorts have statutory provisions that limit the duration of the initial and renewal terms of our management agreements for property owners’ associations.
HUMAN CAPITAL
Employee Profile
Aligned with our mission to put the world on vacation, we are committed to responsible tourism and the best interests of people and places around the world. We recognize our employees as associates who bring our mission to life through their service to the world’s leading membership and leisure travel company.
Oversight and Management
Our Human Resources organization is tasked with managing employment-related matters, including recruiting and hiring, onboarding, compensation planning, performance management, and professional development. Our Board of Directors (“Board”) and its committees also provide oversight on certain human capital matters, including diversity and inclusion initiatives. Our Corporate Governance Committee periodically reviews matters of corporate social responsibility and sustainability performance, including potential long and short term trends and impacts of environmental, social, and governance issues that touch on human capital matters. Our Compensation Committee is responsible for periodically reviewing our human capital programs, policies and procedures (except to the extent within the purview of the Corporate Governance Committee), including management succession planning, and development. The Compensation Committee is also responsible for periodically reviewing incentives and risks relating to our compensation programs and arrangements. Furthermore, our Audit Committee discusses compliance risks related to human capital matters and periodically reviews and updates our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to promote ethical behavior by all of our associates.
As the unprecedented events of 2020 suspended global travel, we recalibrated operations and drove agile, sustained connectivity to our worldwide team of associates. We executed a workforce transformation aligned with the closure and reduction of operations around the world. Efficiencies in staffing were achieved through the layoff or furlough of 9,000 associates in March 2020. Benefits were provided to associates for the duration of their furlough. As of December 31, 2020, 4,800 of our furloughed associates have returned to work and we have rehired 300 associates who were previously laid-off.
As of December 31, 2020, our global team was comprised of more than 15,500 associates, more than 3,000 of whom work outside the U.S. 12,600 associates support Vacation Ownership, 2,400 associates support Travel and Membership, and 500 associates comprise our corporate group. Nearly one percent of our associates are subject to collective bargaining agreements governing their employment with our company.
Employee Development
We seek to attract and retain top talent through our commitment to shared values and competencies, and the development of each associate as an integral contributor to our business and our culture. Our internal pipeline of talent is strengthened by our ability to help associates develop knowledge, skills, and a network of supporters throughout their career. We promote four competencies for all associates: Customer Obsession, Decision Velocity, Transparency, and Empowerment. Associates are encouraged to master these competencies through individual development plans, performance reviews, and training. Examples of our employee development programs and initiatives include:
•Global Learning and Development: Our proprietary Destination U resource is a comprehensive solution that puts the ownership of each associate’s career development directly into their hands. By fostering growth potential for all associates at Travel + Leisure Co., we enable each individual to clearly understand their role in the context of the larger organization and to access development courses designed specifically to further their development.
•Programs focused on career progression include: formal talent reviews, succession planning, high-potential associate development programs, executive coaching, leader onboarding plans, new leader orientation, new leader transition training, and tuition and certification reimbursement.
Inclusion and Diversity
We understand that a culture of rich inclusion and diversity enhances our performance and ability to serve our customers. We strive to cultivate an inclusive environment where each individual is embraced as they are, and where each associate feels appreciated, respected, and valued as a contributor at every level within the organization.
•Our inclusive talent acquisition strategy focuses on developing a diverse pipeline of candidates that includes applicants from a variety of backgrounds, cultures, and experiences. This includes women, diverse ethnicities, veterans, LGBTQ+, those with disabilities, generational diversity, and more.
•Our Global Inclusion and Diversity Council (“GIDC”) is comprised of an associate-led global team of diverse senior and executive leaders. The mission of the GIDC is to foster, cultivate, and design actions to strengthen our culture and global communities, through inclusion, equitable opportunities, and social justice.
•We host voluntary, associate-led Diversity Resource Groups for our Black/African American, Hispanic/LatinX, LGBTQ+, Veteran, and Women associates. Diversity Resource Groups foster affiliation with colleagues across the business, and are designed to enable the personal growth, professional development, and retention of diverse talent. Participants have the opportunity to develop their careers through learning, leadership exposure, and business engagement. Our partnerships with Inclusion and Diversity organizations at national and regional levels provide a platform for our associates to develop leadership skills and gain Inclusion and Diversity education, while executives are given the opportunity to showcase thought leadership at sponsored programs and events.
•Our roadmap to drive progress in Inclusion and Diversity is guided by our goals of continuing to enhance a diverse talent pipeline to increase women and diverse representation at the Director and above level, continued focus on diverse hires at all levels, and maintaining and growing our business relationships with companies that have diverse ownership.
We remain committed to Listen, Learn, and Act to sustain engagement and responsiveness. Travel + Leisure Co. President and CEO Michael Brown signed the CEO Diversity Action Pledge in partnership with the CEO Action for Diversity & Inclusion, joining more than 1,600 global organizations who have pledged to act on supporting a more inclusive workplace for employees, communities, and society at large. Also in 2020, Brown was among 75 Central Florida leaders to sign the first-ever Orlando Economic Partnership Regional Corporate Pledge, committing to act for racial diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Competitive Pay/Benefits
We offer a comprehensive total rewards program designed to attract and retain top talent to fuel our business success and to reward performance. Our total rewards package reflects our commitment to our associates and includes competitive pay, healthcare benefits, retirement savings plans, paid time off including parental leave, and other mental health and well-being support. Approximately 98% of our associates are eligible to participate in a retirement plan sponsored by the Company or a mandatory pension plan in their country of residence, subject to plan terms. We also have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan with a 10% discount from the fair market value at the grant date available to approximately 80% of our associates. We regularly review our design and offerings to ensure alignment with country and regional competitive practices.
We believe in performance-based variable compensation programs that support a high performance environment. Below officer level all of our managers participate in an annual incentive plan that most closely aligns with their role. Our sales and marketing associates at all levels across our business lines participate in variable compensation plans aligned to their role. Over 50% of all our global associates participate in a variable pay incentive pay program.
Health & Safety
The health and safety of our associates is of the utmost importance. In response to the global pandemic, we created a COVID-19-specific plan for the safety and well-being of our associates, guests, and customers. This plan mirrored the direction from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for the United States and other equivalent government agencies in the regions where we operate globally.
Our response to the COVID-19 pandemic outlined our commitment to the health and safety of our associates. Our global strategy is aligned by our We’ll Be Ready return to work plan, a comprehensive resource outlining the protocols and actions we take to protect our associates including:
•Transitioning associates to work from home, wherever possible
•Mandatory onsite temperature checks and health screening
•Requiring the use of masks onsite
•Promotion of onsite social distancing
•Requiring sick associates to stay home
•Immediate contact tracing response
•Enhanced onsite cleaning protocols in alignment with CDC, WHO, and OSHA protocols
•Enhanced safety and health training specific to COVID-19
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
We are committed to delivering shareholder and stakeholder value through our Social Responsibility program Full Circle, which remains an integral part of our company culture and global business operations. We strive to cultivate an inclusive environment, in which our associates, customers, suppliers, and communities feel appreciated, respected, and valued. In 2020, we continued to strengthen our impact across four core pillars of Social Responsibility: Environmental Sustainability, Inclusion & Diversity, Philanthropy, and Ethics & Human Rights.
We are committed to sustainable business practices with a focus on social responsibility. Our 2025 environmental goals are to reduce carbon emissions by 40% and water consumption by 25% at our owned, managed, and leased assets (based on square foot intensity) compared to our 2010 baseline. As of December 31, 2020, we had reduced carbon emissions intensity by 29% and already reduced our water usage intensity by greater than 25% as compared to our 2010 baseline, while increasing our overall portfolio square footage by 16%. Progress towards our goals is measured through our environmental management system, the WYND Green Toolbox. Our goals will be achieved through innovative programs and the implementation of efficiency projects aimed at responsible tourism. We have also set a goal to plant two million trees by 2025. Part of our innovative approach to carbon sequestration measures is addressed through annual reforestation projects, protection of existing forests, and the sourcing of carbon neutral coffee. Our ongoing commitment to optimize solar resources includes the implementation of 17 onsite solar projects to-date.
With a focus on improving the lives of children and families through vacations, we support charitable organizations with a similar focus and mission. Our philanthropic efforts drive support for organizations including Give Kids the World Village, Jack and Jill Late Stage Cancer Foundation, and our Associate Relief Fund. Our decades long history of partnership with Christel House International supports educational opportunities for children in underserved global communities. Additionally, through contributions to Step Up for Students, we support providing low income families in Florida the opportunity to choose the best education for their children.
We remain committed to the highest standards of ethics, integrity, and responsible business practices across our global operations. Published in 13 languages, our associate Code of Conduct reinforces ethical practices including the equal and fair treatment of associates, owners, and guests; health and safety; conflicts of interest; protecting our information; anti-corruption; and financial and reporting integrity. We encourage the reporting of any concerns without fear of retaliation through channels including our 24-hour Wyntegrity internal reporting hotline. Aligned with our stand against human trafficking, and in partnership with ECPAT International, we are the first vacation ownership company to sign the Tourism Child Protection Code of Conduct, and to enforce required training and education for associates globally in order to protect children from exploitation.
For additional information on our social responsibility activities and initiative visit our website at investor.travelandleisureco.com/governance/Social-Responsibility.
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
Our compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and discharge of hazardous materials has not had a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position, and we do not anticipate any material impact from such compliance in the future.
KEY AGREEMENTS RELATED TO THE SPIN-OFF
This section summarizes the material agreements between Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels that govern the ongoing relationships between the two companies after the Spin-off. Additional or modified agreements, arrangements, and transactions, which would be negotiated at arm’s length, may be entered into in the future. These summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the applicable agreements, which are incorporated by reference herein.
As of May 31, 2018, when the Spin-off was completed, Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels operate independently, and neither company has any ownership interest in the other. Before the Spin-off, we entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement and several other agreements with Wyndham Hotels related to the Spin-off. These agreements govern the relationship following completion of the Spin-off and provide for the allocation of various assets, liabilities, rights, and obligations. The following is a summary of the terms of the material agreements we entered into with Wyndham Hotels. The following summaries do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of each
agreement, which is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K included in Part IV, Item 15 as Exhibits 2.5, 10.53, 10.54, 10.55, and 10.56.
Separation and Distribution Agreement
We entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement with Wyndham Hotels regarding the principal actions taken or to be taken in connection with the Spin-off. The Separation and Distribution Agreement provides for the allocation of assets and liabilities between Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels and establishes certain rights and obligations between the parties following the Distribution.
Transfer of Assets and Assumption of Liabilities. The Separation and Distribution Agreement provides for those transfers of assets and assumptions of liabilities that are necessary in connection with the Spin-off so that Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels allocated the assets necessary to operate its respective business, and retains or assumes the liabilities allocated to it in accordance with the separation plan. The Separation and Distribution Agreement also provides for the settlement or extinguishment of certain liabilities and other obligations among Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels. In particular, the Separation and Distribution Agreement provides that, subject to certain terms and conditions:
•The assets that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels (“SpinCo assets”) include, but are not limited to:
•all of the equity interests of Wyndham Hotels;
•any and all assets reflected on the audited combined balance sheet of the Wyndham Hotels businesses;
•any and all contracts primarily relating to the Wyndham Hotels businesses; and
•all rights in the “Wyndham” trademark and “The Registry Collection” trademark, and certain intellectual property related thereto.
•The liabilities that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels (“SpinCo liabilities”) include, but are not limited to:
•any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise, and subject to certain exceptions) to the extent primarily related to, arising out of or resulting from (i) the operation or conduct of the Wyndham Hotels businesses or (ii) the SpinCo assets;
•any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) relating to, arising out of or resulting from any form, registration statement, schedule or similar disclosure document filed or furnished with the SEC, to the extent such filing is either made by Wyndham Hotels or made by us in connection with the Spin-off, subject to each party’s indemnification obligations under the Separation and Distribution Agreement with respect to any misstatement of or omission to state a material fact contained in any such filing to the extent the misstatement or omission is based upon information that was furnished by such party;
•any and all liabilities relating to, arising out of, or resulting from any indebtedness of Wyndham Hotels or any indebtedness secured exclusively by any of the Wyndham Hotels assets; and
•any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) reflected on the audited combined balance sheet of the Wyndham Hotels businesses.
•Wyndham Hotels assumes one-third and Travel + Leisure assumes two-thirds of certain contingent and other corporate liabilities of Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels (“shared contingent liabilities”) in each case incurred prior to the Distribution, including our liabilities related to, arising out of or resulting from (i) certain terminated or divested businesses, (ii) certain general corporate matters of Travel + Leisure, and (iii) any actions with respect to the separation plan or the Distribution made or brought by any third party;
•Wyndham Hotels is entitled to receive one-third and Travel + Leisure is entitled to receive two-thirds of the proceeds (or, in certain cases, a portion thereof) from certain contingent and other corporate assets of Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels (“shared contingent assets”) arising or accrued prior to the Distribution, including our assets related to, arising from or involving (i) certain terminated or divested businesses, and (ii) certain general corporate matters of Travel + Leisure;
•In connection with the sale of our European vacation rentals business, Wyndham Hotels assumed one-third and Travel + Leisure assumed two-thirds of certain shared contingent liabilities and certain shared contingent assets. Such shared contingent assets and shared contingent liabilities include: (i) any amounts paid or received by Travel + Leisure in respect of any indemnification claims made in connection with such sale, (ii) any losses actually incurred by Travel + Leisure or Wyndham Hotels in connection with its provision of post-closing credit support to the European vacation rentals business, in the form of an unsecured guarantee, letter of credit or otherwise, in a fixed amount to be
determined, to ensure that the European vacation rentals business meets the requirements of certain service providers and regulatory authorities, and (iii) any tax assets or liabilities related to such sale;
•Except as otherwise provided in the Separation and Distribution Agreement or any ancillary agreement, the corporate costs and expenses relating to the Spin-off will be paid by the party with whom such costs were incurred, from a separate account maintained by each of Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure and established prior to completion of the Spin-off on terms agreed upon by Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure and, to the extent the funds in such separate account are not sufficient to satisfy such costs and expenses, be treated as shared contingent liabilities (as described above); and
•All of our assets and liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) other than the SpinCo assets and SpinCo liabilities, subject to certain exceptions (including the shared contingent assets and shared contingent liabilities), have been retained by or transferred to Travel + Leisure, except as set forth in the Separation and Distribution Agreement or one of the other agreements described below.
Release of Claims and Indemnification. Travel + Leisure and Wyndham Hotels have agreed to broad releases pursuant to which each releases the other and certain related persons specified in the Separation and Distribution Agreement from any claims against any of them that arise out of or relate to events, circumstances or actions occurring or failing to occur or alleged to occur or to have failed to occur or any conditions existing or alleged to exist at or prior to the time of the Distribution. These releases are subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Separation and Distribution Agreement and the ancillary agreements. The Separation and Distribution Agreement provides for cross-indemnities that, except as otherwise provided in the Separation and Distribution Agreement, are principally designed to place financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of Wyndham Hotels’ business with Wyndham Hotels, and financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of Travel + Leisure’s business with Travel + Leisure. Specifically, each party will, and will cause its subsidiaries to, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the other party, its affiliates and subsidiaries and each of its and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents for any losses arising out of, by reason of or otherwise in connection with:
•the liabilities each such party assumed or retained pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement;
•any misstatement of or omission to state a material fact contained in any party’s public filings, only to the extent the misstatement or omission is based upon information that was furnished by the indemnifying party (or incorporated by reference from a filing of such indemnifying party) and then only to the extent the statement or omission was made or occurred after the Spin-off; and
•any breach by such party of the Separation and Distribution Agreement or any ancillary agreement unless such ancillary agreement expressly provides for separate indemnification therein, in which case any such indemnification claims will be made thereunder.
The amount of each party’s indemnification obligations are subject to reduction by any insurance proceeds received by the party being indemnified. Except in the case of tax assets and liabilities related to the sale of our European vacation rentals business, indemnification with respect to taxes are governed solely by the Tax Matters Agreement.
Employee Matters Agreement
We are party to an Employee Matters Agreement with Wyndham Hotels that governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure following the Spin-off. The Employee Matters Agreement addresses the allocation of employees between Wyndham Hotels and us, defined benefit pension plans, qualified defined contribution plans, non-qualified deferred compensation plans, employee health and welfare benefit plans, incentive plans, equity-based awards, collective bargaining agreements and other employment, compensation and benefits-related matters. Following the Spin-off, Wyndham Hotels employees no longer participate in Travel + Leisure’s plans or programs (provided that they did continue to participate in employee health and welfare benefit plans for a limited period of time following the Spin-off in conjunction with the Transition Services Agreement described below, which continued participation ended December 31, 2020), and Wyndham Hotels has established plans or programs for their employees as described in the Employee Matters Agreement.
Tax Matters Agreement
We have a Tax Matters Agreement with Wyndham Hotels that governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of Wyndham Hotels and us following the Spin-off with respect to tax liabilities and benefits, tax attributes, tax contests and other tax sharing regarding U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes, other tax matters and related tax returns. As a former subsidiary of Travel + Leisure, Wyndham Hotels has joint and several liability with us to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the combined U.S. federal income taxes of the Travel + Leisure consolidated group relating to the taxable periods in which Wyndham Hotels was part of that group. In general, the Tax Matters Agreement specifies that Wyndham Hotels will
bear one-third, and Travel + Leisure two-thirds, of this tax liability, and Wyndham Hotels has agreed to indemnify us against any amounts for which we are not responsible including subject to the next sentence. The Tax Matters Agreement also provides special rules for allocating tax liabilities in the event that the Spin-off is not tax-free. In general, if a party’s actions cause the Spin-off not to be tax-free, that party will be responsible for the payment of any resulting tax liabilities (and will indemnify the other party with respect thereto). The Tax Matters Agreement provides for certain covenants that may restrict our ability to pursue strategic or other transactions that otherwise could maximize the value of our business. Although valid as between the parties, the Tax Matters Agreement will not be binding on the IRS.
Transition Services Agreement
We entered into a Transition Services Agreement with Wyndham Hotels under which Wyndham Hotels provided us with certain services, and we provided Wyndham Hotels with certain services, for a limited time to help ensure an orderly transition following the distribution. These services included certain finance, information technology, human resources, payroll, tax, and other services. The transition services have ended as of December 31, 2020.
License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement
In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a license, development and noncompetition agreement with Wyndham Hotels, which, among other things, granted to Travel + Leisure the right to use the “Wyndham” trademark, “The Registry Collection” trademark and certain other trademarks and intellectual property in our business. This right is generally limited to use in connection with our vacation ownership and vacation exchange businesses, with certain limited exceptions. This agreement has a term of 100 years with an option for us to extend the term for an additional 30 years. We will pay Wyndham Hotels certain royalties and other fees under this agreement.
Additionally, the license, development and noncompetition agreement governs arrangements between us and Wyndham Hotels with respect to the development of new projects and non-compete obligations. These non-compete obligations restrict us and Wyndham Hotels from competing with the other party’s business (subject to customary carve-outs) for the first 25 years of the term of the license, development and noncompetition agreement, and we may extend the term of these non-compete obligations for an additional five year term if we achieve a certain sales target in the last full calendar year of the initial 25-year term. If either party acquires a business that competes with the other party’s businesses, Wyndham Hotels or us, must offer the other party the right to acquire such competing business upon and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the license, development and noncompetition agreement. Additionally, if either party engages in a project that has a component that competes with the other party’s businesses, Wyndham Hotels or us, must use commercially reasonable efforts to include the other party in such project, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the license, development and noncompetition agreement.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider each of the following risk factors and all of the other information set forth in this report. Based on the information currently known to us, we believe that the following information identifies the most significant risk factors affecting our company. However, the risks and uncertainties we face are not limited to those set forth in the risk factors described below. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe not to be material risks may also adversely affect our business. In addition, past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
We may not be able to achieve the objectives of our acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand or the future prospects and plans for the Company.
On January 5, 2021, we acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith Corporation. On February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. changed its name to Travel + Leisure Co., and the new Travel + Leisure Co. stock began trading under the ticker symbol NYSE: TNL. See Note 32—Subsequent Events to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information concerning this acquisition.
The expected results of the transaction and the future prospects for, and plans of, our company are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, including (without limitation) unanticipated costs and/or delays; unfavorable reaction by customers, partners, employees, or suppliers; future revenues being lower than expected; failure or inability to implement growth or expansion strategies in a timely manner or at all; local and global political and economic conditions.
Promotion activities associated with our new business may not yield increased revenue in the time expected or at all, and, even if revenue does increase, it may not be sufficient to offset the expenses we incur in building our brands. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our new business and brands, or incur substantial expenses in an unsuccessful attempt to promote and maintain our brands, we may fail to attract or retain customers to the extent necessary to realize a sufficient return with respect to the acquisition and our rebranding efforts, which would adversely impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, a portion of the value associated with the Travel + Leisure brand is derived from the long-standing commitment to high-quality, independent travel journalism by Travel + Leisure magazine and associated media properties, which will continue to be operated by Meredith outside our control. If the quality or reach of such media properties deteriorates in the future, it could negatively impact the perception of the Travel + Leisure brand and adversely impact our business.
The timeshare industry is highly competitive and we are subject to risks related to competition that may adversely affect our performance.
We will be adversely impacted if we cannot compete effectively in the highly competitive timeshare industry. Our continued success depends upon our ability to compete effectively in markets that contain numerous competitors, some of which may have significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources than we have. Competition in the timeshare industry is based on brand name recognition and reputation as well as location, quality of accommodations, price, service levels and amenities, financing terms, quality of service, terms of property use, reservation systems, flexibility of members to exchange into other timeshare properties or other travel awards, property size and availability, customer satisfaction, consumer confidence, consumer discretionary spending, and the ability to earn and redeem loyalty program points. New resorts may be constructed and these additions to supply may create new competitors, in some cases without corresponding increases in demand. Competition may reduce fee structures, potentially causing us to lower our fees or prices, which may adversely impact our profits. New competition or existing competition that uses a business model that is different from our business model may require us to change our model so that we can remain competitive.
Acquisitions, dispositions and other strategic transactions may not prove successful and could result in operating difficulties.
We regularly consider a wide array of acquisitions and other potential strategic transactions, including acquisitions of businesses and real property, joint ventures, business combinations, strategic investments and dispositions. Any of these transactions could be material to our business. We often compete for these opportunities with third parties, which may cause us to lose potential opportunities or to pay more than we may otherwise have paid absent such competition. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify and consummate strategic transactions and opportunities on favorable terms or that any such
strategic transactions or opportunities, if consummated, will be successful. Assimilating any strategic transactions may also create unforeseen operating difficulties and costs.
On May 9, 2018, we completed the sale of our European vacation rentals business and, on October 22, 2019, we completed the sale of our North American vacation rentals business. Dispositions of businesses, such as our European and North American vacation rentals transactions, pose risks and challenges that could negatively impact our business, including costs or disputes with buyers. Dispositions may also involve continued financial involvement, as we may be required to retain responsibility for, or agree to indemnify buyers against, credit support obligations, contingent liabilities related to a divested business, such as lawsuits, tax liabilities, or other matters. Under these types of arrangements, performance by the divested business or other conditions outside of our control could affect our financial condition or results of operations. See Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations related to the European vacation rentals business and the North American vacation rentals business and Note 7—Held-for-Sale Business to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more details on the North American vacation rentals transaction, both of which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
On August 7, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Alliance Reservations Network, a company that provides private-label travel booking technology solutions, and on January 5, 2021, we completed the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand of Meredith, as described above in this Item 1A under “We may not be able to achieve the objectives of our acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand or the future prospects and plans for the Company”. Acquisitions of businesses, such as the ARN transaction, could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities and/or the assumption of contingent liabilities. See Note 32—Subsequent Events and Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements, both of which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the consideration paid in connection with the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith, and the consideration paid, including the amount of shares of our common stock issued, in connection with the ARN transaction.
Acquisitions may also be structured in such a way that we will be assuming unknown or undisclosed liabilities or obligations or we may incur unanticipated costs or expenses following the acquisition, including post-closing asset impairment charges, expenses associated with eliminating duplicate facilities, unexpected penalties or enforcement actions, and other liabilities. Moreover, we may be unable to efficiently integrate acquisitions, management attention and other resources may be diverted away from other potentially more profitable areas of our business and in some cases these acquisitions may turn out to be less compatible with our growth and operational strategy than originally anticipated. The success of our acquisitions is also subject to other risks, including, among others:
•failure to realize expected technological and product synergies, economies of scale and cost reductions;
•unforeseen expenses, delays or conditions related to the acquisitions, including those due to regulations;
•adverse effects on existing business relationships with customers, partners, employees or suppliers;
•risks associated with entering into markets in which we have limited or no prior experience, including less visibility into demand;
•inaccurate assumptions regarding the acquired business or integration process;
•financial and operational results that may differ materially from our assumptions and forecasts;
•unforeseen difficulties that may arise in integrating operations, processes and systems;
•higher than expected investments that may be required to implement necessary compliance processes and related systems, including information technology systems, accounting systems and internal control over financial reporting;
•failure to retain, motivate and integrate any key management and other employees of the acquired business;
•higher than expected costs or other impacts resulting from unforeseen changes in tax, trade, environmental or other regulations in jurisdictions in which the acquired business conducts its operations; and
•issues with retaining customers and integrating customer bases.
Many of these factors are outside of our control and any one of them could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues, and diversion of management’s time and attention. Furthermore, we may not realize the degree or timing of benefits we anticipate when we first enter into these transactions. Failure to successfully execute these transactions and integrate acquired businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Our revenues are highly dependent on the health of the travel industry and declines in or disruptions to the travel industry such as those caused by economic conditions, terrorism or acts of gun violence, political strife, severe weather events and other natural disasters, war, and pandemics may adversely affect us.
Declines in or disruptions to the travel industry may adversely impact us. Risks affecting the travel and timeshare industries include: economic slowdown and recession; economic factors such as increased costs of living and reduced discretionary income adversely impacting decisions by consumers and businesses to use and consume travel services and products; terrorist incidents and threats and associated heightened travel security measures; acts of gun violence or threats thereof; political and regional strife; natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, floods and volcano eruptions; war; concerns with pandemics, contagious diseases or health epidemics; environmental disasters; lengthy power outages; increased pricing, financial instability and capacity constraints of air carriers; airline job actions and strikes; and increases in gasoline and other fuel prices. Further, there has been public discussion that climate change may be associated with extreme weather conditions, such as increased frequency and severity of storms and floods, coastal erosion and flooding due to higher sea levels, increased temperatures at winter destinations and other factors that may adversely impact the accessibility or desirability of travel to certain locations, and any regulation related to climate change could have an adverse impact on the travel industry generally. Any such disruptions to the travel or timeshare industries may adversely affect our affiliated resorts, our RCI affiliates and other developers of vacation ownership resorts and timeshare property owner associations, thereby impacting our operations and the trading price of our common stock.
We are subject to numerous business, financial, operating and other risks common to the travel and timeshare industries, any of which could reduce our revenues and our ability to make distributions and limit opportunities for growth.
Our business is subject to numerous business, financial, operating and other risks common to the travel and timeshare industries, including adverse changes with respect to any of the following:
•consumer travel and vacation patterns and consumer preferences;
•increased or unanticipated operating costs, including as a result of inflation, energy costs and labor costs such as minimum wage increases and unionization, workers' compensation and health-care related costs and insurance which may not be fully offset by price or fee increases in our business or otherwise;
•desirability of geographic regions where resorts in our business are located;
•the supply and demand for vacation ownership services and products and exchange services and products;
•seasonality in our businesses, which may cause fluctuations in our operating results;
•geographic concentrations of our operations and customers;
•the availability of acceptable financing and the cost of capital as they apply to us, our customers, our RCI affiliates and other developers of vacation ownership resorts and timeshare property owner associations;
•the quality of the services provided by affiliated resorts and properties in our exchange business or resorts in which we sell VOIs or participants in the Wyndham Rewards loyalty program, which may adversely affect our image, reputation and brand value;
•overbuilding or excess capacity in one or more segments of the timeshare industry or in one or more geographic regions;
•our ability to conduct tours of our properties and generate new owners, which has been reduced during the continuance of the COVID-19 pandemic;
•our ability to develop and maintain positive relations and contractual arrangements with VOI owners, current and potential vacation exchange members, resorts with units that are exchanged through our exchange business and timeshare property owner associations;
•organized labor activities and associated litigation;
•the bankruptcy or insolvency of customers or other adverse economic factors impacting the financial health of customers, which has impaired and could continue to impair our ability to collect outstanding fees or other amounts due or otherwise exercise our contractual rights;
•our effectiveness in keeping pace with technological developments, including with respect to social media platforms, which could impair our competitive position;
•disruptions, including non-renewal or termination of agreements, in relationships with third parties including marketing alliances and affiliations with e-commerce channels;
•owners or other developers that have development advance notes with us, or who have received loans or other financial arrangements incentives from us, who have experienced and may continue to experience financial difficulties;
•consolidation of developers could adversely affect our exchange business;
•decrease in the supply of available exchange accommodations due to, among other reasons, a decrease in inventory included in the system or resulting from ongoing property renovations or a decrease in member deposits could adversely affect our exchange business;
•decrease in or delays or cancellations of planned or future development or refurbishment projects, such as have occurred during the continuance of the COVID-19 pandemic;
•the viability of property owners' associations that we manage and the maintenance and refurbishment of vacation ownership properties, which depend on property owners associations levying sufficient maintenance fees and the ability of members to pay such maintenance fees, particularly in times of economic downturn such as caused by the COVID-19 pandemic;
•increases in maintenance fees, which could cause our product to become less attractive or less competitive;
•our ability to securitize the receivables that we originate in connection with sales of VOIs;
•defaults or delinquencies on loans to purchasers of VOIs who finance the purchase price of such vacation ownerships, which increase in times of economic downturn such as during the COVID-19 pandemic;
•the level of unlawful or deceptive third-party VOI resale schemes, which could damage our reputation and brand value;
•the availability of and competition for desirable sites for the development of vacation ownership properties, difficulties associated with obtaining required approvals to develop vacation ownership properties, liability under state and local laws with respect to any construction defects in the vacation ownership properties we develop, and risks related to real estate project development costs and completion;
•private resale of VOIs and the sale of VOIs on the secondary market, which could adversely affect our vacation ownership resorts and exchange business;
•disputes with owners of VOIs, property owners associations, and vacation exchange affiliation partners, which may result in litigation and the loss of management contracts;
•laws, regulations and legislation internationally and domestically, and on a federal, state or local level, concerning the timeshare industry, which may make the operation of our business more onerous, more expensive or less profitable;
•our failure or inability to adequately protect and maintain our trademarks and other intellectual property rights; and
•market perception of the timeshare industry and negative publicity from online social media postings and related media reports, which could damage our brands.
Any of these factors could increase our costs, reduce our revenues or otherwise adversely impact our opportunities for growth.
Third-party Internet reservation systems and peer-to-peer online networks may adversely impact us.
Consumers increasingly use third-party internet travel intermediaries and peer-to-peer online networks to search for and book their lodging accommodations. As the percentage of internet reservations increases, travel intermediaries may be able to obtain higher commissions and reduced room rates from us to the detriment of our business. Additionally, such travel intermediaries may divert reservations away from our direct online channels or increase the overall cost of internet reservations for our affiliated resorts through their fees. As the use of these third-party reservation channels and peer-to-peer online networks increases, consumers may rely on these channels, adversely affecting our vacation ownership and vacation exchange brands, reservation systems, bookings and rates.
We are subject to risks related to our vacation ownership receivables portfolio.
We are subject to risks that purchasers of VOIs who finance a portion of the purchase price default or otherwise delay payments on their loans due to adverse macro or personal economic conditions, third-party organizations that encourage defaults, or otherwise, which necessitates increases in loan loss reserves and adversely affects loan portfolio performance. When such defaults or delinquencies occur during the early part of the loan amortization period, we may not have recovered the marketing, selling, administrative and other costs associated with such VOIs. Additional costs are incurred in connection with the resale of
repossessed VOIs, and the value we recover in a resale is not in all instances sufficient to cover the outstanding debt on the defaulted loan.
During 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we initiated a program permitting our owners to defer payment on their receivables to us in order to provide financial assistance to these owners during a period of unprecedented economic insecurity. While a majority of owners who participated in this deferral program resumed normal payments to us, not all owners have resumed normal payment schedules, and financial difficulties of owners and customers arising from the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in increased payment defaults and delinquencies both during the continuation of, and following, the COVID-19 pandemic.
Our international operations are subject to additional risks not generally applicable to our domestic operations.
Our international operations are subject to numerous risks, including exposure to local economic conditions; potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the U.S.; hostility from local populations; political instability; threats or acts of terrorism; the effect of disruptions caused by severe weather, natural disasters, outbreak of disease or other events that make travel to a particular region less attractive or more difficult; the presence and acceptance of varying levels of business corruption in international markets and the effect of various anti-corruption and other laws; restrictions and taxes on the withdrawal of foreign investment and earnings; government policies against businesses or properties owned by non-U.S. citizens; investment restrictions or requirements; diminished ability to legally enforce our contractual rights in foreign countries; forced nationalization of assets by local, state or national governments; foreign exchange restrictions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; conflicts between local laws and U.S. laws including laws that impact our rights to protect our intellectual property; withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries; and changes in and application of foreign taxation structures including value added taxes. Any of these risks or any adverse outcome resulting from the financial instability or performance of foreign economies, the instability of other currencies and the related volatility on foreign exchange and interest rates, could impact our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
For risks related to the global COVID-19 pandemic, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic.”
Changes in U.S. federal, state and local or foreign tax law, interpretations of existing tax law, or adverse determinations by tax authorities, could increase our tax burden or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to taxation at the federal, state and local levels in the U.S. and various other countries and jurisdictions. Our future effective tax rate and future cash flows could be affected by changes in the composition of earnings in jurisdictions with differing tax rates, changes in statutory rates and other legislative changes, including as a result of the change in the U.S. presidential administration, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in determinations regarding the jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax, and our ability to repatriate earnings from foreign jurisdictions. From time to time, U.S. federal, state and local and foreign governments make substantive changes to tax rules and their application, which could result in materially higher corporate taxes than would be incurred under existing tax law and could otherwise adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. This includes potential changes in tax laws or the interpretation of tax laws arising out of the Base Erosion Profit Shifting project initiated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
We are subject to ongoing and periodic tax audits and disputes in U.S. federal and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. An unfavorable outcome from any tax audit could result in higher tax costs, penalties and interest, thereby adversely affecting our financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to certain risks related to our indebtedness, hedging transactions, securitization of certain of our assets, surety bond requirements, the cost and availability of capital and the extension of credit by us.
We are a borrower of funds under credit facilities, credit lines, senior notes, a term loan and securitization financings. We use financial instruments to reduce or hedge our financial exposure to the effects of currency and interest rate fluctuations. We are required to post surety bonds in connection with our development and sales activities. In connection with our debt obligations, hedging transactions, securitization of certain of our assets, surety bond requirements, the cost and availability of capital and the extension of credit by us, we are subject to numerous risks, including:
•our cash flows from operations or available lines of credit may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest, which could result in a default and acceleration of the underlying debt and other debt instruments that contain cross-default provisions;
•we may be unable to comply with the terms of the financial covenants under our revolving credit facility or other debt, including a breach of the financial ratio tests, which could result in a default and acceleration of the underlying revolver debt and under other debt instruments that contain cross-default provisions;
•our leverage may adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms or at all;
•our leverage may require the dedication of a significant portion of our cash flows to the payment of principal and interest thus reducing the availability of cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases or other operating needs;
•a minimum liquidity covenant under our amended credit agreement is impacted by 50% of the amount of aggregate dividends paid after the July 2020 effective date of the amended credit agreement, which covenant will affect the amount of dividends, if any, we declare and pay to our shareholders;
•increases in interest rates may adversely affect our financing costs and the costs of our VOI financing and associated increases in hedging costs;
•during the second quarter of 2020, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) downgraded our secured debt rating from Ba2 to Ba3 with a “negative outlook”, and our secured debt is rated BB- with a “negative outlook” by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) and BB+ with a “negative outlook” by Fitch Rating Agency; negative ratings and/or downgrades of our debt by rating agencies could increase our borrowing costs and prevent us from obtaining additional financing on favorable terms or at all;
•failure or non-performance of counterparties to foreign exchange and interest rate hedging transactions could result in losses;
•an inability to securitize our vacation ownership loan receivables on terms acceptable to us because of, among other factors, the performance of the vacation ownership loan receivables, adverse conditions in the market for vacation ownership loan-backed notes and asset-backed notes in general and the risk that the actual amount of uncollectible accounts on our securitized vacation ownership loan receivables and other credit we extend is greater than expected;
•breach of portfolio performance triggers under securitization transactions which if violated may result in a disruption or loss of cash flow from such transactions;
•a reduction in commitments from surety bond providers, which may impair our vacation ownership business by requiring us to escrow cash in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states;
•prohibitive cost, or inadequate availability, of capital could restrict the development or acquisition of vacation ownership resorts by us and the financing of purchases of VOIs;
•the inability of developers of vacation ownership properties that have received mezzanine and other loans from us to pay back such loans;
•increases in interest rates, which may prevent us from passing along the full amount of such increases to purchasers of VOIs to whom we provide financing; and
•disruptions in the financial markets, including potential financial uncertainties surrounding the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit,” and the failure of financial institutions that support our credit facilities, general economic conditions and market liquidity factors outside of our control, which may limit our access to short- and long-term financing, credit and capital.
Changes in the method pursuant to which the LIBOR rates are determined and phasing out of LIBOR after 2021 may affect our financial results.
The chief executive of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), announced that the FCA intends to stop compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. In response, the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York organized the Alternative Reference Rates Committee which identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative to USD-LIBOR in derivatives and other financial contracts. It is not possible to predict the effect of these changes, including when LIBOR will cease to be available or when there will be sufficient liquidity in the SOFR and the other alternative LIBOR rate markets. During 2020, the LIBOR rate administrator announced its intention to extend publication of LIBOR rates for most USD LIBOR tenors through June 30, 2023. Our intention is to address LIBOR fallback language in all of our debt agreements by the end of 2021.
Currently, we have debt and derivative instruments in place that reference LIBOR-based rates. In the transition from the use of LIBOR to SOFR or other alternatives, the level of interest payments we incur may change. In addition, although certain of our LIBOR based obligations provide for alternative methods of calculating the related interest rate payable (including transition to an alternative benchmark rate) if LIBOR is not reported, uncertainty as to the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates and/or payments that are higher than, lower than, or that do not otherwise correlate over time with the interest rates and/or payments that would have been made on our obligations if LIBOR was available in its current form.
We are subject to risks related to litigation.
We are subject to a number of claims and legal proceedings and the risk of future litigation as described in these Risk Factors and throughout this report and as may be updated in subsequent SEC filings from time to time, including, but not limited to, with respect to Cendant and the Spin-off. See further discussion in Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements, both included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We cannot predict with certainty the ultimate outcome or related damages and costs of litigation and other proceedings filed or asserted by or against us. Unfavorable rulings or outcomes in litigation and other proceedings may harm our business.
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation and the cost of compliance or failure to comply with such regulations may adversely affect us.
Our operations are regulated by federal, state and local governments in the countries in which we operate. In addition, U.S. and international, federal, state and local regulators may enact new laws and regulations that may reduce our revenues, cause our expenses to increase or require us to modify our business practices substantially. If we are not in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including, among others, those governing timeshare (including required government registrations), consumer financings and other lending, information security, data protection and privacy (including the General Data Protection Regulation “GDPR”), credit card and payment card security standards, marketing, sales, consumer protection and advertising, unfair and deceptive trade practices, fraud, bribery and corruption, telemarketing (including do-not-call and call-recording regulations), licensing, labor, employment, anti-discrimination, health care, health and safety, accessibility, immigration, gaming, environmental (including climate change) and remediation, intellectual property, securities, stock exchange listing, accounting, tax and regulations applicable under the Dodd-Frank Act, Office of Foreign Asset Control, Americans with Disabilities Act, the Sherman Act, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and local equivalents in international jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom Bribery Act, we may be subject to regulatory investigations or actions, fines, civil and/or criminal penalties, injunctions and potential criminal prosecution. In the past, when we have been subjected to regulatory investigations, the amount of the fines involved were not material to our business, financial condition or results of operations. However, we cannot predict whether any future fines that regulators might seek to impose would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Failure to maintain the security of personally identifiable and proprietary information, non-compliance with our contractual obligations or other legal obligations regarding such information or a violation of our privacy and security policies with respect to such information could adversely affect us.
In connection with our business, we and our service providers collect and retain large volumes of certain types of personal and proprietary information pertaining to our guests, shareholders and employees. Such information includes, but is not limited to, large volumes of guest credit and payment card information, guest travel documents, other identification documents, account numbers and other personally identifiable information. We are subject to attack by cyber-criminals operating on a global basis attempting to gain access to such information, and the integrity and protection of that guest, shareholder and employee data is critical to us.
While we maintain what we believe are reasonable security controls over personal and proprietary information, including the personal information of guests, shareholders and employees, any breach of or breakdown in our systems that results in the theft, loss, fraudulent use or other unauthorized release of personal or proprietary information or other data could nevertheless occur and persist for an extended period of time without detection, which could have a material adverse effect on our brands, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant regulatory actions and fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities. Such a breach or a breakdown could also materially increase our costs to protect such information and to protect against such risks. Our and our third-party service providers’ vulnerability to attack exists in relation to known and unknown threats. As a consequence, the security measures we deploy are not perfect or impenetrable, and despite our investment in and maintenance of such controls, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent all unauthorized access attempts made on our systems or those of our third-party service providers.
Additionally, the legal and regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy in the U.S. and international jurisdictions is constantly evolving. For example, in the U.S., California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020. The CCPA provides to California consumers certain new access, deletion and opt-out rights related to their personal information, imposes civil penalties for violations and affords, in certain cases, a private right of action for data breaches. Regulations implementing the CCPA continue to be under development. Complying with the CCPA could increase our compliance cost. Similar legislation has been proposed or adopted in other states. Aspects of the CCPA and these other state laws and regulations, as well as their enforcement, remain unclear, and we may be required to modify our practices in an effort to comply with them. Moreover, foreign data protection, privacy, consumer protection, content regulation and other laws and regulations are often more restrictive or burdensome than those in the United States. For example, the European Union (“E.U.”) GDPR imposes significant obligations to businesses that sell products or services to E.U. customers or otherwise control or process personal data of E.U. residents. Complying with GDPR caused us to update certain business practices and systems and incur costs related to continued compliance with GDPR and other international laws and regulations. In addition, should we violate or not comply with the CCPA, GDPR or any other applicable laws or regulations, contractual requirements relating to data security and privacy, or with our own privacy and security policies, either intentionally or unintentionally, or through the acts of intermediaries, it could have a material adverse effect on our brands, marketing, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities.
Our information technology infrastructure, including but not limited to our, and our third-party service providers’, information systems and legacy proprietary online reservation and management systems, has been and will likely continue to be vulnerable to system failures such as server malfunction or software or hardware failures, computer hacking, phishing attacks, user error, cyber-terrorism, loss of data, computer viruses and malware installation, and other intentional or unintentional interference, negligence, fraud, misuse and other unauthorized attempts to access or interfere with these systems and our personal and proprietary information. In addition, as we continue to transition from our legacy systems to new, cloud-based technologies, we may continue to face start-up issues that may negatively impact guests. The increased scope and complexity of our information technology infrastructure and systems could contribute to the potential risk of security breaches or breakdown.
The insurance we carry may not always pay, or be sufficient to pay or reimburse us, for our liabilities, losses or replacement costs.
We carry insurance for general liability, property, business interruption,